Los bancos centrales han liquidado la mayoría de la deuda de Estados Unidos desde 2014, ya que la demanda del dólar se ha disparado. Los bancos centrales extranjeros liquidaron sus tenencias de bonos del Tesoro al ritmo más rápido en nueve años y utilizaron una importante instalación de la Reserva Federal para obtener efectivo en medio de la tensión bancaria que agita los mercados. Los datos de la Fed muestran que las tenencias oficiales extranjeras de valores del Tesoro disminuyeron en $76 mil millones la semana del 22 de marzo a $2,86 billones. Mientras tanto, la instalación de recompra de la Reserva Federal para Autoridades Monetarias Internacionales y Extranjeras (FIMA, por sus siglas en inglés) se utilizó para obtener un récord de $60 mil millones.
Principales tenedores extranjeros de valores del Tesoro
| País | Enero de 2023 | Diciembre de 2022 | Noviembre de 2022 | Octubre de 2022 | Septiembre de 2022 | Agosto de 2022 | Julio de 2022 | Junio de 2022 | Mayo de 2022 | Abril de 2022 | Marzo de 2022 | Febrero de 2022 | Enero de 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japón | 1104.4 | 1076.3 | 1082.3 | 1064.4 | 1116.4 | 1196 | 1230.7 | 1232.7 | 1219.9 | 1215 | 1229 | 1303 | 1299.9 |
| China, continente | 859.4 | 867.1 | 870.2 | 877.9 | 901.7 | 938.6 | 939.2 | 938.8 | 951.8 | 976 | 1013.2 | 1028.7 | 1033.8 |
| Reino Unido | 668.3 | 654.5 | 645.8 | 641.3 | 664.8 | 646.5 | 636.6 | 617.3 | 636.5 | 614.3 | 636.5 | 627 | 610.7 |
| Bélgica | 331.1 | 354.3 | 332.9 | 327.2 | 325 | 287.8 | 285.4 | 273.5 | 268.2 | 255.6 | 264.5 | 258.4 | 243 |
| Luxemburgo | 318.2 | 329.4 | 311.1 | 298.4 | 299.9 | 308.4 | 306.5 | 309.3 | 296.5 | 296.2 | 303.2 | 316.4 | 313 |
| Suiza | 290.5 | 269.7 | 266.5 | 258.4 | 273.3 | 290.6 | 283.1 | 291.5 | 287.1 | 268 | 270.7 | 278 | 295.4 |
| Islas Caimán | 285.3 | 283.8 | 283.5 | 291.7 | 301.5 | 308.6 | 293.4 | 302.3 | 295.4 | 292.5 | 293.9 | 275.9 | 272.1 |
| Canadá | 254.1 | 215.1 | 228.7 | 218.2 | 199.9 | 228.2 | 227.9 | 206.2 | 225.5 | 234.7 | 236.5 | 224.1 | 217.6 |
| Irlanda | 253.4 | 254.8 | 250.3 | 245.1 | 265.4 | 275.6 | 277.5 | 285.6 | 288.8 | 309.7 | 315.9 | 314.9 | 308.6 |
| Taiwán | 234.6 | 225.5 | 223.9 | 214.6 | 215.3 | 231.5 | 238.2 | 232.3 | 229.1 | 226.9 | 236.9 | 247 | 247.1 |
| India | 232 | 224.1 | 219 | 213 | 212.6 | 221.2 | 212 | 208.8 | 203.7 | 199 | 199.8 | 199.8 | 198.6 |
| Hong Kong | 226.8 | 221 | 201 | 185 | 178.7 | 189.8 | 192.8 | 187.3 | 185.6 | 195 | 207.7 | 205.4 | 225.6 |
| Brasil | 214 | 217.4 | 225.9 | 220.1 | 221.8 | 227.3 | 232.9 | 226.1 | 228.4 | 229.2 | 233.3 | 237.4 | 236.1 |
| Singapur | 187.6 | 182.9 | 186.2 | 175.8 | 176.4 | 188.3 | 187.2 | 180.9 | 177.1 | 182.1 | 190.9 | 192 | 191.6 |
| Francia | 183.9 | 189 | 203.6 | 217.4 | 206.7 | 232.7 | 231.8 | 236.3 | 242.5 | 242.9 | 246 | 238.7 | 232.9 |
| Arabia Saudita | 111 | 119.7 | 121.4 | 120.7 | 121 | 122.1 | 121.6 | 119.2 | 114.7 | 115.7 | 115.5 | 116.7 | 119.4 |
| Corea | 105.8 | 102.9 | 100.3 | 98.7 | 104.9 | 117.5 | 111.9 | 111.9 | 115.3 | 117.3 | 118.9 | 121.9 | 123.8 |
| Noruega | 104.4 | 92 | 97.7 | 95.7 | 99.6 | 111.1 | 112.5 | 112.9 | 109 | 115.6 | 116.7 | 120.1 | 115.8 |
| Alemania | 91.3 | 100.7 | 90 | 85.9 | 83.9 | 88.8 | 87.5 | 95.4 | 91.6 | 92.8 | 93.8 | 90.5 | 84.3 |
| islas Bermudas | 77.4 | 81.5 | 83.6 | 83.6 | 82.6 | 82.7 | 82.3 | 79.5 | 77.4 | 75.2 | 73 | 71.2 | 69.7 |
| Países Bajos | 73.7 | 67.4 | 71.9 | 63.8 | 66.2 | 66.3 | 66.4 | 64.5 | 64.4 | 63.1 | 64.7 | 65.5 | 60.6 |
| Emiratos Árabes Unidos | 64.9 | 58.6 | 59.5 | 53.9 | 47.9 | 48.2 | 41.6 | 40.1 | 38.4 | 41.9 | 45.8 | 46.5 | 44.9 |
| Australia | 62.2 | 57.1 | 58.3 | 58.5 | 56.3 | 56.2 | 56.3 | 54.3 | 57.2 | 60.2 | 59.2 | 60.6 | 59.7 |
| México | 58.2 | 58.6 | 57.2 | 56.4 | 53.9 | 53.3 | 49.5 | 48.8 | 48 | 47.3 | 47.7 | 47.1 | 44.4 |
| Tailandia | 52.8 | 46 | 41.4 | 43 | 43.3 | 47.5 | 48 | 49 | 49.4 | 57.2 | 63.7 | 61.6 | 62.1 |
| Filipinas | 48.8 | 48.3 | 47.8 | 47 | 51.2 | 50.9 | 51.2 | 49.7 | 50.6 | 50.9 | 52.5 | 53.9 | 52.5 |
| Israel | 46.1 | 47.8 | 52 | 51.1 | 51.2 | 51.1 | 53 | 51.5 | 50.9 | 52 | 59.5 | 66 | 63.8 |
| Kuwait | 43.3 | 48.5 | 50.8 | 50.3 | 50.2 | 51.1 | 49.5 | 46 | 46.3 | 46.1 | 46.8 | 50.6 | 50.6 |
| Irak | 41.2 | 40.8 | 39.7 | 38 | 36.9 | 35.6 | 34.6 | 32 | 32.9 | 28.3 | 26.2 | 24.1 | 23.4 |
| Polonia | 40.9 | 37.7 | 38.2 | 34.7 | 33 | 33.9 | 36.2 | 35.3 | 36 | 37 | 39.2 | 45.5 | 44.9 |
| España | 40.3 | 36.9 | 36 | 31.9 | 33 | 29.9 | 28.8 | 27 | 29.5 | 26 | 27 | 29 | 27.4 |
| Italia | 40.2 | 39.2 | 38.1 | 36.8 | 36.8 | 37.9 | 40.2 | 40.4 | 41.9 | 42.6 | 44.2 | 45.4 | 42.1 |
| Colombia | 39.5 | 39.8 | 35.7 | 33.8 | 34.4 | 34 | 35.1 | 34.9 | 34.9 | 35.4 | 34.5 | 34 | 33.3 |
| Suecia | 39.5 | 42.3 | 48.4 | 46.3 | 47.1 | 48.3 | 50.3 | 48.2 | 48.2 | 53.1 | 53.5 | 55.4 | 54.5 |
| Bahamas | 38.1 | 46 | 44.1 | 45.1 | 41.3 | 40 | 35.7 | 30.3 | 30 | 39.5 | 36.1 | 33.5 | 35.9 |
| Vietnam | 36.3 | 36.9 | 35.6 | 36.2 | 37.1 | 38.2 | 39.9 | 39.2 | 39.1 | 40.1 | 40.7 | 41.4 | 42.3 |
| Chile | 34.2 | 34 | 34.1 | 33.8 | 34 | 36 | 38.1 | 40.5 | 39.4 | 36.5 | 37.4 | 37.2 | 35.3 |
| Perú | 31.8 | 32.1 | 31 | 31.1 | 32.2 | 32.4 | 32 | 30.8 | 29.9 | 30.3 | 29.9 | 29.5 | 29 |
| Todos los demás | 437.2 | 439.2 | 424.9 | 408.3 | 414.1 | 408.5 | 407.7 | 407.2 | 400.1 | 402 | 399.6 | 409.8 | 410 |
